Based on the theories and methods of water footprint, water footprint of dietary consumption of urban and rural residents from 2005 to 2010 in Yunnan Province was calculated and analyzed. The diversity feature of dietary consumption in the six years is evaluated with Shannon-Wiener index. The correlation between total amounts of the consumption of all kinds of diet food and the consumption of water footprint is analyzed, using grey correlation method. The results show that urban residents’ water footprint of dietary consumption was higher than rural residents’; Grain and pork account for a larger proportion than other food water footprint; Urban residents’ water footprint of dietary structure was more diverse than rural residents’, while there has been a general uptrend in the diversity of rural residents’ water footprint of dietary structure; Grain, pork and fruit consumption has strong correlation with water footprint consumption, can reflect the variation tendency of the total water footprint consumption.