According to the core concept of human-water harmony and the criteria of health, development, and harmony, we established a water resources carrying capacity evaluation index system based on the harmony theory. Taking Fuyang City as a case study, we built the AHP-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model to assess the water resources carrying capacity of the counties and districts in Fuyang City. The results show that the city has poor water resources carrying capacity on the whole, and the capacity is unbalanced in the counties and districts; the situation in the counties and cities near the Huaihe River is better than in those far away from the river.