Based on the features of large-scale lakes and reservoirs, we systematically analyze the status, strengths, and shortages of different technologies for cyanobacteria bloom warning, control, and elimination in emergencies in China and abroad, and point out directions for related technologies in the future. We also propose the following suggestions: according to the characteristics of eutrophicated water bodies and local conditions, we should integrate and optimize various technologies, take advantage of technologies such as emergency strategies and long-term technologies, engineering and ecological technologies, and warning and management technologies, and make up for their weaknesses. The “one lake, one scheme” strategy will be a direction of development in regard to cyanobacteria blooms and eutrophication control in large-scale lakes and reservoirs of China in the future.