As a new type of environmental pollutants, pharmacologically active compounds(PhACs)have attracted wide attention from the public because of their environmental residue and negative effects. However, the environmental behavior of PhACs in water is not only related to its own characteristics, but also by the interaction of waterborne nanoparticles, colloids, and suspended particulates. Based on the analysis of existing research, the pollution level and detection methods of PhACs at home and abroad were introduced, the main influencing factors and environmental risks of PhACs micro interface interaction were summarized, and the subsequent research on PhACs micro interface effect was prospected.