The Mann-Kendall trend test method, gravity center model, and standard deviation ellipse method were used to study the temporal variation characteristics, spatial distribution characteristics, and the evolution process of gravity center migration of groundwater mining in China from 2000 to 2020. The results indicate that since the 21st century, the amount of groundwater mining in China has shown a fluctuating decreasing trend on the whole, with an average annual decay rate of 0.83%.Under the influences of strict groundwater mining management, comprehensive control of groundwater overmining, and the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, the amount of groundwater mining in North China has been reduced. Due to the development of agricultural economy in Heilongjiang Province and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the amounts of groundwater mining in northeast and northwest regions have increased significantly. The gravity center of groundwater mining is mainly distributed in the junction of Hebei Province, Shanxi Province, and Inner Mongolia Municipality, and has a tendency to move to the northwest. The spatial distribution pattern of groundwater mining has gradually deflected from northeast-southwest direction to east-west direction, with more significant directional trend.