This paper comprehensively combed the development process of urban waterlogging risk maps in various countries, systematically analyzed the core components and compilation ideas of the urban waterlogging risk map, and focused on exploring several key issues and technical requirements for the compilation of urban waterlogging risk maps in China. Combined with the current requirements of urban waterlogging control in China, the development of urban waterlogging risk map research and engineering practice was prospected. It was pointed out that the risk assessment of urban waterlogging should be carried out from three aspects including risk of disaster causing factors, exposure to breeding disaster environment, and vulnerability of disaster carriers, and a combination of scenario simulation method and indicator system method should be used. The urban waterlogging risk map should express the comprehensive and accurate information such as comprehensive risk and potential loss, and the compilation is an extremely complex system engineering. In the future, it is necessary to focus on the characteristics of urban underlying surface runoff and the evolution mechanism of waterlogging at different watershed scales, and further research should be conducted from high-quality basic data, efficient models, and standard specifications.