In allusion to the trend of green development and high-quality development of watershed eco-cities, based on explaining the theoretical origin and development process of green development and high-quality development, the relationship between the two aspects was analyzed from the theoretical and practical perspectives, and the high-quality development path under the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals was clarified. From the angle of watershed ecological protection, three major bottleneck factors in the current eco-city construction planning were analyze, and strategies and recommendations for watershed eco-city construction were put forward, including to enhance population quality and develop and utilize natural resources rationally, to observe ecological protection red lines strictly and improve resilience against natural disasters, and to develop green economy and promote economic transformation. Keywords: carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals; green development; watershed eco-city; high-quality development