Aiming at the problem of total pollution load control in Chaohu Lake, the Shahe River Basin, the second sub-basin of Chaohu Lake, was taken as the research object. Based on the evaluation and analysis of the hydrological characteristics, water quality damage, the distribution and intensity of pollution sources, the quantitative response relationship between land pollutant load and water quality was established. Identify key control areas in the watershed, simulate the target value of total pollution load control in the watershed through the hydrological simulation program fortran