The changes of water resources conditions in the Ili River Delta were analyzed, and land use changes during the study period were quantitatively evaluated. The change characteristics of landscape pattern were analyzed by using the landscape pattern indexes, including the landscape type level index and landscape level index, and the influence of water resources condition changes on the landscape pattern indexes was analyzed with the Pearson correlation coefficient. The results show that the volume of annual runoff at the Uskerma Hydrological Station was relatively large, the average annual water level of Balkhash Lake changed abruptly in 2002,and the water resources recharge in the delta was generally increasing. The areas of wetland and sparse vegetation increased, with the increase of their aggregation, the bare land was gradually transformed into sparse vegetation, with continuous decrease of its landscape dominance, and the fragmentation degree of forest was severe. Landscape level index showed a phased change in time course, and the fragmentation degree of the Ili River Delta was the lowest in 2016. Spatially, the landscape level index showed a gradual increase in connectivity along the Ili River, and the diversity increased along Balkhash Lake. The correlation of the landscape level index with the annual average water level of Balkhash Lake is the highest, followed by the correlation with the annual runoff at the Uskerma Hydrological Station, and the correlation with the annual precipitation in the Ili River Delta is the lowest. Furthermore, the landscape level index had a hysteresis response to the change of water resources conditions in the delta. Keywords: landscape pattern; water resources; moving window method; land use; Ili River Delta