The research progress of electrochemical strengthening technology(EST) as an environmentally friendly water treatment technology, which uses microorganisms as catalysts for water pollution treatment and energy recovery was reviewed. The feasibility of utilizing carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), with its rich hydroxyl, carboxyl, carboxymethyl, and other groups, in combination with carbonbased materials, metals/metal oxides, and other materials for water purification in EST was analyzed. It is found that CMC material is conducive to improving the energy yield and stability of EST. Indepth discussions were held on various application of using CMC materials for wastewater treatment in EST, including their use as binders, dispersants, adsorbents, and other forms. In the future, it is essential to focus on the application of CMCbased EST in the field of water pollution treatment from four perspectives of mechanism, method, technology, and application.