In order to measure the development level of water conservancy new quality productivity, analyze its spatial and temporal evolution and driving factors, and better promote the development of water conservancy new quality productivity, we constructed an evaluation system of China’s water conservancy new quality productivity indicators based on the water conservancy new quality laborers, water conservancy new quality labor objects, and water conservancy new quality labor materials, and used the entropy weighting method to measure its level of development from 2006 to 2022, and used the kernel density estimation method, standard deviation ellipse, Dagum’s Gini coefficient were used to explore its spatial and temporal evolution,and geographic detectors were used to investigate its driving factors. The results show that the overall new quality productivity of water conservancy shows an upward trend from 0.143 in 2006 to 0.324 in 2022; the center of gravity of the new quality productivity of water conservancy shows a tendency to move southward；the number of patents of water conservancy enterprises and the number of industrial wastewater treatment facilities are the important driving factors of the new quality productivity of water conservancy. Keywords: spatio-temporal evolution; driving force; entropy weight method; Gini coefficient; geographical detector; new quality productivity of water conservancy 〖FL