A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the concept of new quality productive forces of water conservancy and patient capital, and a systematic analysis was conducted on the current situation and existing problems of water resources management in China. Further, the logical mechanism of patient capital promoting the new quality productive forces of water conservancy were put forward, which mainly includes eight core dimensions of water conservancy infrastructure improvement, water resources technology innovation and application, industrial structure optimization and energy level upgrading, quality improvement and form change of generating factors, water resources management innovation and system construction, market coordination and risk management, international cooperation and technology transfer, and sustainable development of water ecological environment. Cooperative path of patient capital promoting the development of new quality productive forces of water conservancy were pointed out, including improving the laws, regulations, and system design of water resources, improving the “new capacity” of water conservancy industry, improving the long-term investment and financing mechanism of water conservancy infrastructure, expanding diversified investment and financing channels, and strengthening the monitoring and environmental assessment mechanism of water conservancy projects. Keywords: water infrastructure; patient capital; new quality productive forces of water conservancy; water resources management; sustainable development 〖FL