In response to the problem of insufficient research on flood disaster-prone environment in highly urbanized area, a sensitivity assessment model for flood disaster-prone environment was constructed based on fuzzy logic methods. Using Fuzzy Gamma and Fuzzy Sum operators for nonlinear hierarchical superposition, the sensitivity of flood disaster-prone environment was evaluated by the model. Trend analysis, kernel density estimation, and Moran’s index methods were combined to analyze their spatiotemporal evolution characteristics, and a case study was conducted in the Qinhuai River Basin. The results indicate that the overall sensitivity level of the Qinhuai River Basin showed an increasing trend, with significant differences among sub-basins. In 2020,78% of flood-prone points were distributed in highly sensitive areas with sensitivity greater than 0.5, demonstrating high consistency between model assessments and measured risk distribution. The proposed method effectively assesses the sensitivity of flood disaster-prone environment in highly urbanized areas and reflects its spatiotemporal evolution characteristics.