In order to study the virtual water flow of agricultural products trade between China and the“Belt and Road” countries, this paper analyzed the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of virtual trade volume of agricultural products trade between China and the countries along the “Belt and Road”during 2007 to 2016 from the perspective of virtual water trade theory. The results show that: From 2007 to 2016, the average annual net import volume is 8. 88 billion m², and the virtual water volume of agricultural products trade between China and the “Belt and Road” countries is a deficit; The virtual trade volume of import and export agricultural products trade of China is concentrated on the countries along the “Belt and Road”, of which the most closest connection of the virtual trade volume of agricultural products trade is between China and the Southeast Asian countries.