Under the changing environment, the hydrological series show inconsistency, and the morphological changes also show nonmonotonic or even non tationary fluctuation characteristics, which leads to great challenges for traditional hydrological analysis and calculation and water resources accounting. By integrating different statistical test parameters or methods, a set of index system was proposed to characterize the trend form and morphological change of hydrological series. The applicability of this method was verified by the annual runoff series of seven stations such as Xianyang Station in the Weihe River Basin. The results show that the system can effectively analyze and compare the morphological changes of different hydrological series with the same MannKendall test value, reflecting the macrocharacteristics of the morphological changes of hydrological series, and realizing spatial difference representation among different hydrological data sequences.