On the basis of constructing the evaluation index system of urbanization and water resources system, this paper studies the coordinated development of urbanization and water resources system in Henan Province by using the analytic hierarchy process and coupling coordination model. The results show that the quality of urbanization development in Henan Province has been continuously improved, and the water resources system has been continuously optimized. The coupling coordination degree of urbanization and water resources utilization in Henan Province is generally low, but it shows a good development trend, from extreme imbalance to weak coupling coordination. The coupling coordination level in all cities of Henan Province has been improved in varying degrees, and there are regional differences, constantly changing from maladjustment to coupling and coordination, and the level continuously improved. The moderate and high coupling mainly concentrated in the middle and north of Henan Province, while the weak and low coupling mainly concentrated in the south, west and east of Henan Province.