Based on the daily meteorological data of 31 meteorological stations in Haihe River Basin from 1961 to 2017 and reanalysis data set of NCEP and NCAR, the multi time scale standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index(SPEI)is calculated, and the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of drought in Haihe River Basin from 1961 to 2017 are analyzed. Combined with the 500 hPa geopotential height field in summer, the circulation causes of the characteristics of the basin drought evolution are analyzed. The results show that there is a slight drought trend in the Haihe River Basin from 1961 to 2017, and the long-term drought is mainly concentrated in 1980—2017, but the drought intensity is weakening, and there is a significant wetting trend at the end of spring(May and June), and a significant drought trend in summer(July and August). In terms of spatial distribution, 57.4% of the area in Haihe River Basin shows a drought tendency, 19.0% of the area shows a trend of drought weakening, and the whole basin shows a significant drought tendency in summer. The intensified of the Mongolian high, the westward movement and southward expansion of the Western Pacific subtropical high and the enhanced circulation characteristics are not conducive to water vapor transport and precipitation formation. The enhancement of high pressure system and the decrease of water vapor transport are the main reasons for the trend of summer drought trend in the basin.