分层型河口咸水上溯对径流潮汐共同作用的基本响应
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TV148

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国家自然科学基金(11572130);水利部珠江河口动力学及伴生过程调控重点实验室开放研究基金(2017KJ02)


Basic response of saline water intrusion on combined action of runoff and tide in stratified estuary
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    摘要:

    为探究径流主导分层的河口中径流潮汐共同作用对半月周期咸水上溯距离的影响,采用概化河口对分层型咸水运动进行了三维数值模拟试验。结果表明:恒定径流量下,半月周期咸水逐日最大上溯距离表现为随潮差顺时针围绕准平衡态变化的绳套曲线,径流量越小,与准平衡态差距越大,且小潮后强烈上溯持续的时间更长,退落也更迅速;分层混合过程的时效性导致咸水运动半月周期非线性调整,在文中概化条件下,咸水状态普遍具有最大上溯发生在最小潮后2~3d和最小上溯发生在最大潮后1~2d的时间特征;根据咸水运动的规律确立工程措施中增流压咸时机,在小潮时增加上游径流量并持续7d至大潮,然后利用半月周期咸水自然退落,可达到明显压咸效果,节约枯季上游淡水资源。

    Abstract:

    In order to study the influence of variation of the combined action of runoff and tide on fortnight saline water intrusion distance in the runoff-dominated stratified estuaries, a three-dimensional numerical simulation experiment of stratified salt water movement in a generalized estuary is carried out. The results show that under the condition of constant runoff, the daily maximum intrusion distance of fortnight saline water is shown as a clockwise loop curve with tide difference around the quasi-equilibrium state. The smaller the runoff is, the larger the difference from the quasi equilibrium and the longer the strong intrusion after the neap tide as well as the faster decline. The time-effect of stratified mixing process leads to the nonlinear adjustment of fortnight salt water movement. The saltwater state generally has the characteristics of maximum intrusion occurring 2~3 days after the minimum tide, and minimum intrusion occurring 1~2 days after the maximum tide under the generalized conditions in this paper. According to the basic responses of the salt water movement, the time of increasing flow pressure and suppressing salt intrusion is determined in engineering measures. By increasing the upstream runoff at neap tide and lasting for 7 days to the spring tide, and then taking advantage of the natural decline of fortnight salt water, the obvious effect of suppressing salt intrusion and saving the upstream freshwater resources in the dry season can be achieved.

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尹小玲,赵雪峰,黄舒琴,等.分层型河口咸水上溯对径流潮汐共同作用的基本响应[J].水资源保护,2020,36(4):68-74.(YIN Xiaoling, ZHAO Xuefeng, HUANG Shuqin, et al. Basic response of saline water intrusion on combined action of runoff and tide in stratified estuary[J]. Water Resources Protection,2020,36(4):68-74.(in Chinese))

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  • 收稿日期:2019-09-17
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  • 在线发布日期: 2020-07-21
  • 出版日期: 2020-07-20