In order to explore the significance of the coordinated development of water-energy-food security system in the Yellow River Basin to promote the coordination of human-land relationship and high-quality development, a comprehensive index of water-energy-food security system in the Yellow River Basin was constructed with the water-energy-food security system as the core. The weight of each index was calculated by principal component analysis. The coupling coordination degree model was used to measure the coupling coordination degree of water-energy-food security system in the Yellow River Basin from 2007 to 2017, and to predict the coupling coordination degree of the Yellow River Basin from 2018 to 2027. The results show that the comprehensive evaluation index of water-energy-food security system in the Yellow River Basin is in the middle level. From 2007 to 2017, the coupling coordination degree of water-energy-food security system in the basin experienced the primary and intermediate coupling and coordinated development level, showing an overall upward trend, with great development potential. The comprehensive index of water and energy security subsystem in the Yellow River Basin shows a slight negative growth trend, which has a certain negative pressure on the overall development of the system. The prediction results show that the coupling coordination degree of the basin will remain at the intermediate level of coordination during the prediction period. To improve the coordination of water-energy-food security system in the Yellow River Basin and promote the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin, it is necessary to consider the coordination among water, energy and food, and fundamentally strengthen the comprehensive and efficient management of resources and ecology in the basin.