Based on remote sensing image data and ecological water conveyance data from 2000 to 2015, this paper studies the response of land-use/land cover change(LUCC)to ecological water conveyance in the lower reaches of the Tarim River using ENVI and GIS data analysis and processing tools. The results show that intermittent ecological water conveyance of 16 times and 1670 days from 2000 to 2015 makes woodland and grassland increase 823 and 1 347 cell dollars respectively, cultivated land, wetlands and artificial land decease 1 422, 736 and 222 cell dollars, respectively, and other lands increase 210 cell dollars. On the whole, the vegetation area showed an expanding trend. In 2015, compared with 2000, the net vegetation area increased by 382.85 km², and the artificial surface increased by 356.10 km². The total area of Gobi, bare soil, desert and other land use decreased by 738.95 km². The land use change mainly occurs in the overflowing and stranded area of the river in the lower reaches of the Tarim River River, which shows the trend of fragmentation, irregularity and complication.