The western minority nationality region is the key area of water resources and hydropower development in China. The particularity of migrants in minority nationality region poses challenges to the implementation of the resettlement. Based on the literature and field experience, this paper systemizes the key research fields of resettlement in minority nationality regions and discusses the frontier science issues for further research. Existing research mainly focus on the fields of migrants' compensation, migrants' resettlement, migrants' adaption and migrants' integration in minority nationality regions. The follow-up study should pay attention to man-resource relationship and the livelihoods of minority nationality migrants, restoration and compensation of religious beliefs and cultural practices and the sustainable development of minority nationality migrants.