Marx's employment thought is an organic part of marxism theory system. Based on the systematic review of Marx's employment theory from the perspective of supply and demand，the paper regards capital accumulation and social production as the research basis and demonstrates two dimensions which have impact on employment:one is capital accumulation, technological progress，organic composition of capital increase，relative surplus population and oversupply，and the other is two kinds of social production，namely， industrial structure，division of labor and employment demand. Then it decodes Marx's comment on structure unemployment concerning unemployment and posh vacancy and explores contemporary problems of employment in China，especially structural l problems of supply and demand in the employment marked. Finally，build on the combination of Marx's employment thought and China's employment practice，the paper attempts to construct new mechanism of supply and demand in labor market to deal with the current structural unemployment problem