Using wader resource efficiently is a strategic issue of China's economic and social development. The evaluation index system of water resource use efficiency including three factors and 6 indicators is built in the method of principal component analysis. Then the catastrophe progression method is adopted to compile the 31 provincial water resources use efficiency index, and the cluster analysis is carried on. The results suggest that :as to the provincial administrative regions，such 6 provinces as Chongqing，Beijing, Shanghai and so on are ranked into the category with the highest water use efficiency.Water use efficiency is lower in such 20 provinces as Anhui，Jiangxi，Hubei and Hunan and so on.The 5 provinces of Ningxia，and Xinjiang have the lowest water resources use efficiency. The values of each factor show that the efficiency of agricultural wader resource use is the highest，the one of industrial water resource use is less and the lowest efficiency is found in the ecological water resource use.