It is one of the core propositions of historical materialism that human being is the main body of material production，spiritual production and the development of social history，and plays a main role in the process of cognition and transformation of the world. To construct socialist culture and define the subject of socialist cultural construction，it is important to do the following; deconstructing the interpretation of traditional philosophy; reemphasizing the status of the subject pertaining to historical materialism;bracing the philosophical origin of Marx's theory of subject and clarifying the scientific connotation of the subject of Marxism and discussing the spiritual production in the Marxism subjec theory which has been ignored for a long dime. Then，the socialist cuhure with Chinese characteristics，which is based on the theory of Marx，is the reflection of the cultural form of the vivid and realistic practice of coWemporary China and aims to promote the free and comprehensive development of the subject. Therefore，the cultural construction of contemporary China mush deal with the relationship between the subject and the object，the leader and the masses，the popular culture and the mainstream culture，which can arouse people's”cultural consciousness" and provide a theoretical reference for the construction of cultural power.