The adoption of judicial activism in environmental public interest litigation，broadening of plaintiff qualification，implementing the advancing prevention and punishment afterwards parallelism system，making decisions alternative to the executive anthority beyond ids own power, strong execution of court decisions and so on reduce the level of environmental pollution in India. These measures reduced the level of environmental pollution in India. But the courts do nod have the advantages of expertise information for court decision，its strong intervenlion and making decisions beyond their competence alternative to the executive anthority affect the relationship between the judiciary and the executive anthority，go agains the sustainable development of environment and is contrary to the rule of optimal cosh in economics .This makes the coexistence of advantages and disadvantages of environmental public interest litigation in India. China's new Environmental Law promotes the development of China's environmental public interest litigation system to a certain extent，but there are sill many imperfections at the legislative and judicial practice level. Therefore，China should draw lessons from environmental public interest litigalion of India and avoid ids shortcomings to further improve China's environmental public interest litigation system.