During Soviet Russian tough period, Lenin proposes many theories on food production and rural work. He holds that all issues, such as winning civil war, developing industry and other causes, depend on a plentiful supply of food. In this case, concerns on the investment in agricultural production and adoption of new technology and machines must be the most important task of agricultural development. It is necessary to help the farmers to get enough seeds to finish the task of sow seeds. He also maintains that to develop agriculture, effective rural work and the stimulation of farmers' initiative are important too. All these ideas proposed by Lenin are of active significance for China to construct rural areas with Chinese characteristics.