Constructing social assistance system and balancing urban and rural development aims to protect the equal rights of urban and rural residents, which not only indicates the core pursuit based on social policy but also shows the proper explanation of the new urbanization. The Taicang City incorporates social assistance system into the local economic development, establishes a more positive and more developmental social assistance system to balance urban and rural development and makes a very fruitful attempt of sharing social development achievements for urban and rural residents. The exploration of Taicang has yet to be further improved and perfected. Thus, it is of great significance to analyze the experience of Taicang and reveal its deep philosophy, logic and deficiency for the development and transformation of social assistance system to achieve the expected goal, and realize sharing and new urbanization in current China.