With regard to the relationship between cultural differences and happiness, there are two opposite viewpoints: One is that cultural differences may lead to the differences in emotion and psychology and then have impact on the results of selfinterpretation and happiness. The other is that cultural differences do not result in different outcomes. Based on social survey, the paper analyzes the two viewpoints, holding that the two viewpoints represent two methods and two thinking ways in sociology research and embody the differences in concept defining and research objects. The former focuses more on the analysis of concrete index, which is more effective in concrete policymaking and participation. The later centers on summarizing various index factors, which is helpful to the comparative study of hetergeneous cultures. Therefore, to finish the effective policymaking and participation, it is necessary for China to make happiness research in the orientation and purpose of social index and analyze the data in detail.