Mao Zedong’s thoughts of nurturing the Marxist belief during the revolutionary period are an essential part of Maoism. Mao Zedong points out the importance of nurturing the Marist belief and argues that Marxism guides the direction of Chinese revolution, which is the “weapon of thoughts” and “spiritual pillar” for the victory of the revolution. Marxism can arouse the double “awakening” consciousness of the communists and common people. Mao Zedong holds that the basic components of nurturing the Marxist belief are the cosmology of dialectical materialists and historical materialists, the “two definite aims” of the new democratic revolution and the cause of socialism and communism, and the value aim and the moral pursuit of the thought that “people are the God”. Then, Mao Zedong explicates the approaches of nurturing the Marxist belief by means of stressing the importance of theoretical education, people’s benefits, and the Communist Party’s discipline, it is of great significance to review Mao Zedong’s thoughts of nurturing the Marist belief during the revolutionary period to strengthen Marxism and run the Party strictly in the new century.