The concept of “tacit capabilities” comes from the “tacit knowledge” theory of Polanyi, Nori and Takeuchi. Inspired by the theory of cultural anthropology and organizational ambidexterity, this paper studies the “tacit capabilities” of Chinese enterprises’ internationalization from the perspective of cognition ambidexterity and balanced management ability. Starting from the Chinese cultural situation, this paper uses the dialectical balance thinking to study the influence of the cognition ambidexterity of executives on their internationalization path and performance. Drawing lessons from traditional economic theory and process theory, this paper focuses on the influence of traditional Chinese dialectical thinking and “neutralization” balanced management on the international operation of Chinese enterprises. Based on the research paradigm of “structurebehaviorperformance”, this paper constructs the cognition ambidexterity impact model and designs questionnaires to conduct a sample survey and statistical analysis of international enterprises in Jiangsu Province. The research finds that the cognition ambidexterity of executives has a positive impact on the choice of internationalization model and cooperative behavior, and then on internationalization performance. It shows that the “going global” enterprises can basically adapt to the “one belt and one road” international environment, and executives’ cognitive thinking helps enterprises explore international cooperation. In a word, the internationalization of Chinese enterprises needs a kind of “tacit capabilities”, that is cognition ambidexterity and balanced management ability. It effectively balances the relationship between “consistency” and “adaptation” in crosscultural development, enhances the international management ability of enterprises, and promotes the international development of enterprises.