Using the micro database provided by CHARLS from 2011 to 2013， this paper empirically researches effects of household debt flow and debt stock on health care expenditure for the first time，and meanwhile the effect of heterogeneity factors such as family assets and household registration. It is found that: household debt flow does not have a significant effect on the current health care consumption; household debt stock has a significant negative effect on the current health care consumption; there is no difference in the effect of household debt on health care consumption for elderly families with different assets; urban household debt flow and stock have no effect on health care consumption but rural household debt stock has a significant negative effect on health care consumption. 