The ultimate ownership of state-owned enterprises belongs to all the people. Therefore, promoting the development of state-owned enterprises is to safeguard the fundamental interests of all the people, which cannot be divided. The unified Chinese Communist Party must represent the people and lead the state-owned enterprises. The reason is that the political concept of “the people” contains the principle of representative, so the people must realize their own decisions and organize actions through the intermediary of representatives. Socialist state-owned enterprises make the principle of representative run through different fields of politics and economy, representing not only material interests but also political interests such as public opinions and common well-being. It is manifested in both the preservation and appreciation of state-owned assets and the people’s position and social position of state-owned enterprises’ management and decision-making. Here, the Party building leadership of state-owned enterprises and the transformation of modern enterprises in terms of factor input have achieved partial consistency. In the process of becoming a new vitality growth point for state-owned enterprises, the latter has given full play to the unique institutional advantages of socialism, that is, proceeding not only from the internal laws of enterprise growth, but also from the economic and social requirements of the Party and the country, to promote the further development of state-owned enterprises, and guide the economic reform to the realization of the fundamental interests of the people.