In the era of big data, government open data is considered to have great potential value.In order to fully and effectively develop and utilize its potential value, it is a necessary condition to build a government open data value governance system.However, the question of what kind of government open data value governance system to build and how to build it remains unresolved in the domestic theoretical and practical circles.On the premise of reflecting on the basic questions of government open data such as what the value is, how the value generation mechanism and its realization process are, what the value ecosystemis, and what the value formsare, this paper attempts to construct an understanding framework for government open data value governance that includes the evolution stages/levels of resource form, asset form, knowledge form and wisdom formby interpreting the perspective of value form evolution.In this understanding framework, the potential value of government open data will be fully tapped and realized through the evolution and social construction of resources, assets, knowledge, and wisdom, and eventually deeply integrated with the construction of a smart society.Through the understanding framework of government open data value governance based on the evolution of value form, it can be found that the government open data value governance system is a very complex coupling system.To promote the construction of the government open data value governance system, it is necessary to adhere to a forward-looking, holistic, and developmental thinking, improve the government open data resource management system, improve the government open data normative system, improve the government open data value transformation system, optimize the government open data value ecosystem, and build the government open data humanistic value system.Only in this way can the potential value of governmentopen data be fully and effectively exploited.