Justice is an important symbol to measure the development of a society’s civilization and an indispensable element for all mankind to realize modernization. Chinese-style modernization always adheres to the principle of regarding people as the main body of society and maintains social justice in expanding social development space, solving social development problems, scientifically utilizing capital, and promoting overall social progress, which is a transcendence of the lack of social justice caused by the one-sided pursuit of capital proliferation in Western modernization. In the process of promoting the common prosperity of all people, Chinese-style modernization always respects the equality of status and personal dignity of all people, pays attention to all people’s equal opportunities to participate in modernization construction, and realizes interpersonal justice in the fair distribution of social wealth and the sharing of social development achievements, which is a transcendence of the lack of interpersonal justice based on the polarization between the rich and the poor in Western modernization. The Chinese-style modernization of harmonious co-existence between man and nature emphasizes the dialectical unity of human initiative and passivity in ecological practice, promotes ecological justice on the basis of establishing the scientific concept of co-prosperity and co-existence between man and nature, changing unreasonable production and consumption methods, and actively participating in global ecological governance, which is a transcendence of the ecological injustice caused by Western modernization at the expense of the ecological environment. Chinese-style modernization takes the path of peace and development, insists on promoting the common values of all mankind to face the difficulties of international exchanges, insists on transcending barriers and confrontations between civilizations through exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations, and safeguards justice of international exchanges while actively promoting the establishment of a new world system, which is a transcendence of the injustice model of international exchanges that takes the path of expansion and plunder in Western modernization.