The development of modern science and technology continues to bring challenges to human beings and social production. Along with industrial transformation and upgrading under technological change, the application of intelligent technologies has given rise to the emergence of new technical workers, which has put forward a new turn in the issue of labor governance in the current socio-economic development. Existing literature has mostly focused on the phenomena at the individual level of workers in the new era, but less has paid attention to the overall impact of technological innovation on the current labor force and its evolution from the perspective of labor governance. Based on the theoretical analysis of the interaction between technological paradigm and labor, this article explores the issue from constructing the ideal type of new technical workers, through the evolution of the four specific types, namely, inter-construction, facilitation, manipulation, and flexibility, to examine the impact of technological advancement on the change of contemporary laborers in terms of dimension from the freedom and spontaneity of work. This is specifically embodied in emerging industries such as science and technology industry, smart manufacturing industry, and platform economy, which are influenced by new technologies. The introduction of new technology has created many new occupations and jobs, constantly promoting skill change and work innovation among workers, but at the same time, it creates certain occupational risks and labor protection issues. Therefore, in the context of the modernization of state governance capacity, the relevant local government departments should pay full attention to and establish corresponding skill updating and social protection mechanisms according to the features of different types of skilled workers, from the perspective of local practice and labor governance. Technological regulation and labor policies should be improved, new technologies should be better empowered for workers, and laws and regulations for new labor forms should be enhanced, in order to proactively respond to the challenges brought about by the era of technological transformation, thereby providing a feasible path to achieving modernization with Chinese characteristics.