With the success of China’s poverty alleviation in 2020, the focus of the work of “agriculture, rural areas, and farmers” has been comprehensively shifted to rural revitalization. The No.1 Document of Central Party Committee in 2024 pointed out that the goal of building an agricultural power should be anchored and the comprehensive rural revitalization should be promoted. Finance is a strong support for rural revitalization. Rural inclusive insurance under the support of government policy through market-oriented operation can provide effective risk protection for agriculture, farmers and rural areas. On the basis of theoretical analysis of the mechanism of rural inclusive insurance serving rural revitalization, we investigated four insurance companies in Jiangsu province and summarized the innovative measures of rural inclusive insurance service to build rural areas with thriving businesses, pleasant living environments, social etiquette and civility, effective governance, and prosperity. The entropy weight method and entropy weight TOPSIS method are used to measure the rural revitalization level of 13 cities in Jiangsu Province. It is found that the level of rural revitalization in all cities has been steadily improved and the gap is obviously narrowing. Then using the systematic GMM regression method, it is found that the development of rural inclusive insurance has a significant positive impact on the rural revitalization of Jiangsu Province. However, the impact on the specific five dimensions is different, among which the impact on thriving businesses and pleasant living environments is the most obvious, and the impact on the other three dimensions needs to be further strengthened. Finally, we put forward five paths of rural inclusive insurance to serve the rural revitalization of Jiangsu Province including controlling agricultural production risks to stabilize farmers’ income, easing rural industry financing constraints to help industrial upgrading, improving farmers’ living security to serve livelihood, designing more green insurance products and mechanisms to achieve green ecological development and participating in rural governance to improve rural culture.