The urban-rural integrated development is a major theoretical innovation generated by the combination of Marx and Engels’ urban-rural integration thought and China’s reality. It is also an important strategic measure to guide the healthy development of urban-rural relations in China in the new era. This strategic move abandoned the drawbacks of western capitalist modernization, fully demonstrated the significant advantages of Chinese-style modernization, and constituted the proper meaning of Chinese-style modernization. From the perspective of Chinese-style modernization, the urban-rural integrated development has rich connotations and distinct characteristics. In terms of connotation, there are two aspects. First, it is clear that urban-rural integrated development is an inevitable choice for Chinese-style modernization. The second is to emphasize that the urban-rural integrated development is neither “homogenization of urban and rural areas”, nor “urbanization of rural areas”, nor “elimination of villages”. Instead, on the basis of respecting the differences between urban and rural areas, it emphasizes the preservation of the unique features of rural areas, allowing beautiful rural areas and modern cities to complement each other, jointly building a community of shared life between urban and rural areas to achieve symbiosis and prosperity. In terms of characteristics, the urban-rural integrated development is embodied in the essential attribute of the people, which is also the key to maintaining the strong vitality of Chinese-style modernization. At this stage, to promote Chinese-style modernization with the urban-rural integrated development, we must improve the relevant institutional mechanisms, thoroughly implement the concept of new development, promote high-quality economic development, consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation, and effectively link them with rural revitalization, take multiple measures and continue to work hard to achieve the second centennial goal and the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.