打造中国式现代化的数字基座:我国算力市场一体化的制度构建
作者:
作者单位:

(华东政法大学经济法学院,上海201620)

作者简介:

陈婉玲(1965—),女,教授,博士,主要从事经济法基础理论与区域经济法治研究。E-mail:cwljjf@163.com

中图分类号:

D912.29

基金项目:

国家社会科学基金一般项目(21BFX106)


Building the Digital Foundation of Chinese-Style Modernization:the Institutional Construction of China's Integrated Computing Power Market
Author:
Affiliation:

(School of Economics and Law, East China University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai 201620, China)

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    摘要:

    算力市场一体化是我国推动数字经济与实体经济深度融合的重要国家战略,也是实现全国统一大市场和经济高质量发展的关键路径。目前,我国算力市场呈现要素空间错配、产业结构失衡、基础设施不协调的碎片化发展态势,算力市场一体化的内在逻辑是通过算力要素创新性配置、算力产业结构优化、算力基础设施互联互通,解决算力市场发展碎片化问题,有效发挥其作为数字经济与实体经济深度融合的枢纽作用。但算力一体化行动面临区域参与动力不足、区域代际利益失衡以及区域沟通成本高、互信基础薄弱的现实困境,严重抑制了算力一体化战略的推动效率。实践中,区域参与一体化行动的正外部性效益未能得到有效回应,或表现为布局算力产业的财权事权失衡,财税利益横向流失;或表现为生态环境破坏,碳排放配额分配不足,清洁能源的低碳经济价值未能得到关注等。为此,应当尽快构建一整套涵盖财税激励、碳汇补偿与区域合作互信的制度框架,即以专项财政转移支付、开征算力资源地方税、创设算力税收共享机制为主要措施的一体化财税激励制度,以碳配额初始配置机制、算力碳汇交易机制为主要内容的一体化碳汇区际补偿制度,以区域合作示范合同文本、区域合作组织机构及联席会议、基础设施互联互通为沟通渠道的一体化区域合作互信制度,方能够有效推动算力市场一体化战略的落实。

    Abstract:

    The integration of computing power market is an important national strategy for China to promote the deep integration of digital economy and real economy, and it is also a key path to achieve a unified national market and high-quality economic development. At present, China’s integration of computing power is facing practical difficulties such as insufficient regional participation motivation, imbalanced regional intergenerational interests, high regional communication costs, and weak mutual trust foundation, which seriously inhibit the efficiency of promoting the integration of computing power strategy. The computing power market still presents a fragmented development trend of mismatched factor space, imbalanced industrial structure, and uncoordinated infrastructure. In practice, there is a serious loss of benefits in regional participation in integration actions, which may be manifested as the lack of effective response to the positive externalities of the layout of advanced computing power industries, the imbalance of financial and tax powers in the layout of computing power industries, the horizontal loss of financial and tax benefits, the destruction of atmospheric ecological environment, insufficient allocation of carbon emission quotas, or the neglect of the low-carbon economic value of clean energy. Therefore, a comprehensive institutional framework covering fiscal and tax incentives, carbon sequestration compensation, and regional cooperation and mutual trust should be established as soon as possible. The integrated financial and tax incentive system, which mainly includes special fiscal transfer payments, the introduction of local taxes on computing power resources, and the establishment of a computing power tax sharing mechanism, the integrated inter regional carbon sink compensation system, which mainly includes the initial allocation mechanism of carbon quotas and the computing power carbon sink trading mechanism, and the integrated regional cooperation mutual trust system, which uses the text of regional cooperation demonstration contracts, regional cooperation organizations and joint meetings, and infrastructure interconnection as communication channels, can effectively promote the implementation of the integrated computing power market strategy.

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引用本文

陈婉玲,王晓晨.打造中国式现代化的数字基座:我国算力市场一体化的制度构建[J].河海大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2024,26(6):31-44.(CHEN Wanling, WANG Xiaochen. Building the Digital Foundation of Chinese-Style Modernization:the Institutional Construction of China's Integrated Computing Power Market[J]. Journal of Hohai University (Philosophy and Socail Sciences),2024,26(6):31-44.(in Chinese))

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  • 在线发布日期: 2024-12-25