Developing the whole-process people’s democracy to enhance people’s well-being is the essence of advancing Chinese modernization. Both democracy and people’s livelihood are fundamentally rooted in the principle of prioritizing the people, mutually supporting each other and creating a coupling advantage. Based on the three dimensions of whole-process people’s democracy:“the broadest”, “the most authentic” and “the most effective”, whole-process people’s democracy embodies “participatory”, “responsible”, and “effective” aspects through its triple practical logics of “consulting the people for wisdom”, “consulting the people for effectiveness”, and “consulting the people for needs”, respectively. To develop the whole-process people’s democracy to improve people’s well-being, it is necessary to closely integrate the value logic of “prioritizing people’s interests” with the practical logic of “genuine people’s participation”, thus addressing the dual challenges of democratic development and livelihood improvement and achieving dual-wheel drive and bidirectional breakthroughs. This will enrich the livelihood connotations of democratic political development and highlight the institutional advantages and empirical wisdom of the Chinese approach. Strategies are proposed to enhance the livelihood effectiveness of whole-process people’s democracy: adhering to the comprehensive leadership of the Party in all fields to improve the effectiveness of “whole-process people’s democracy promoting people’s well-being”; cultivating people’s participation capabilities in all aspects to empower citizens to engage rationally and autonomously in governance in the livelihood field; and promoting the construction of a “deliberative spirit-responsibility system” community throughout the entire process to ensure democratic authority while dynamically balancing the core rights of the majority with the fundamental needs of vulnerable groups.